Rash of Chupacabra Livestock Attacks in Brazil

Brazil isn't the usual place to see El Chupacabra, but in the last few weeks, there has been a rash of livestock killings in Bahia, Brazil, which seem to match the typical Chupacabra M.O..

Extended Scenes of Beast Man

Screencap from the episode.
Image credit National Geographic.

On the American National Geographic website, there are a number of behind-the-scenes and extended videos from Beast Man, "Nightmare of the Amazon". None of them are the deleted scenes that can be read in the script, but they are interesting, and offer more information. There are also a number of videos of scenes which can be watched in the episode. I have left these out.

Berry Pickers in Kapok Forest Reserve see Mapinguary

According to a new report, a group of acai berry pickers in the Kapok Forest Reserve claim to have seen a Mapinguary.

In what appears to be only the second documented Mapinguary sighting of the century, the anonymous eyewitnesses say that they heard a loud scream whilst picking berries, and began to imitate it. However, they realised that the sound was coming from nearby, and soon noticed "a creature dark in colour", two feet high and with only one eye. They fled, and apparently did not sleep for the following week.

Needless to say, a two foot-high Mapinguary has never been reported before. If the story is true, and the animal is a Mapinguary, it could have been a youngster, like the ones allegedly raised by an Indian tribe in the 1980's. This does seem likely, given the fact that it did not attack the berry-pickers.

Of course, this is assuming that the sighting is genuine, and the animal was a Mapinguary, either sloth or ape.

Happy International Sloth Day

Bit creepy.
Image credit aiunau.org.

Today is International Sloth Day, apparently (Sloth Day is on the 19th, not, as NatGeo would have you believe, the 20th), so in honour of the occasion, here are abridged versions of four lesser-known (and one very famous) cryptozoological exploits through history relating to ground sloths. As we will see, ground sloths have had a very important place in palaeontological history. Most of these will eventually get their own blog entries.

Identifying the... Amazonian Death Worm

An illustration of a caecillan Minhocão.
Image credit user Kryptid of Wikipedia.

One of the most well known of all cryptids, ranking among the likes of Nessie and Bigfoot, is the Mongolian death worm. However, the death worm is often misinterpreted amongst non-cryptozoologists as a giant, supremely aggressive and dangerous animal, akin to the wyrms of heraldry.

In actuality, the death worm is usually described as a fairly small, fat burrowing creature, which only attacks when disturbed, fighting back with acid and electric shocks.

Identifying the... Sachamama

Mata mata head.
Image credit Wikipedia.

 Perhaps one of the least well known of all Amazonian cryptids is the Sachamama. Although it is described by local peoples as a giant snake with a shell, its appearance and behaviour suggest a very different identity.

Identifying the... Mapinguary

Megatherium reconstruction.
Image credit Sloth Sanctuary.

Given the evidence and general consensus amongst cryptozoologists, it seems unthinkable to characterise the Mapinguary as anything other than a relict ground sloth. Even so, there are theories that it is actually a type of large primate - and even it it isn't, there are still dozens of different ground sloths. The Mapinguary, if a sloth, can only be a descendant of one.

The Forés Specimen

Forés' photograph of the specimen.
Image credit Virtual Institute of Cryptozoology.

Angel Morant Forés is a Spanish cryptozoologist who is perhaps best known for his work in Amazonian Ecuador, reporting on feline cryptids like water and rainbow jaguars. But his biggest discovery - and from his point of view, biggest mistake - is a photograph of taxidermy specimen of an aquatic animal found in a Macas shop.

TrueAuthority.com's "Quest for the Giant Sloth": An Analysis, part II: Expedition, the Sloth, and DNA Evidence

Preserved Shasta ground sloth dung.
Image credit cindysbeentrippin.com.

This post is a continuation of a previous entry.

Now, we'll move on to examining the main attraction, is it were: the first actual link on the page (I wanted to get the minor links out of the way in that first post), "The Expedition".

Identifying the... Milne

Slightly oversized Arctotherium reconstruction.
Image credit Carnivora Forums.

A fairly obscure cryptid, the Milne is a large black bear known from only one sighting. Allegedly, in 1946, explorer Leonard Clark was floating down the Ucayali River in eastern Peru when he discovered large footprints on the bank, like those of a giant man. The next day, his canoe passed a huge black bear on the bank, clawing apart a rotted tree infested with ants. One of his crew accidentally provoked the bear, and it leaped into the water and swam towards the canoe, prompting Clark's entire crew to leap overboard and flee. Clark shot it dead, but without his crew, he was unable to retrieve it and it was devoured by piranhas (Heuvelmans, 1986; Shuker, 1997).

Rainbow Jaguars and the Ahuizotl Connection

An artistic recreation of the rainbow jaguar.
Image credit Karl Shuker.

Perhaps the most well-known of the Central American Atzec myths - Quetzalcoatl notwithstanding - the Ahuizotl was described in the Florentine Codex as a real animal, a small aquatic predator with smooth hair and primate-like hands. Native Americans in the USA have myths about a very similar animal. If it was based on a real animal, it is today widely believed to have been a new species of otter or other mustelid.

In the field of more strictly Amazonian cryptozoology, there are a number of cryptids similar to the Ahuizotl, but larger.

TrueAuthority.com's "Quest for the Giant Sloth": An Analysis, part I: Photography, External Links and John Lewis

The DNA code from the dung. Perhaps.
Image credit TrueAuthority.com.

Late last week, I made a post on a study which claimed to have found DNA evidence of the Mapinguary. Here, I hope to go into the study in far greater detail, and analyse the DNA result. The basic story is that a man named John Lewis went to South America, found a big pile of dung, had it tested, and found it to be a match for a prehistoric ground sloth. In 2001. After that, nothing else happened, but he did claim that he'd go back to the Amazon shortly after the DNA testing was done.

Review: Man V. Monster: Brazilian Bigfoot

Richard with a two-toed sloth.
Image credit National Geographic.

Man V. Monster was (is?) an interesting series. Aired on National Geographic and presented by English filmmaker Richard Terry, there have been two series' so far. Most of the episodes end with Richard deeming the cryptid he's searching for to be a regular animal mistaken as something else, and the episodes themselves sometimes focus more on the trecherous terrain than the cryptid. Not necessarily a bad thing. "Brazilian Bigfoot", the Mapinguary episode, is something of an exception.

No episode of the series is available for purchase, physically or digitally, so this review is constructed from memory. Some information may be incorrect or in the wrong chronological order.

TrueAuthority.com's "Quest for the Giant Sloth"

Image credit TrueAuthority.com

TrueAuthority.com is a hardcore creationist website, with an entire portion dedicated to trying (and failing) to debunk evolution. However, it also has a cryptozoology portion (the third and final topic is dinosaurs). One article in this section is about the Mapinguary.

Review: Destination Truth: Flying Dinosaur & Sloth Monster

Josh with another well-known model Mapinguary.
Image credit TVrage.com.

Although Destination Truth is the third review here, it does deserve credit as the first TV series to investigate the Mapinguary, being aired in 2008, two years before Beast Man and Man V. Monster.

As is the norm for Destination Truth, the first investigation, the Mapinguary, only takes up half the episode before being replaced by another cryptid - this time the African Kongamato. The beginning of the Mapinguary segment sees Josh visiting the famous Mapinguary statue (and some jaguars at a zoo), and the folklorologist who would later be cut from Beast Man. He also interviews David Oren, who tells him about his ground sloth theory. It seems rather rare for Josh to carry out research and interviews before looking for the animal itself, something which changes for the better in this episode.

Juan Acavar's Sabre-Toothed Cat

Smilodon recreated in Walking with Beasts.
Image credit BBC.

Perhaps since the first colonisations of South America, reports of giant cats have come from deep in the jungles of the Amazon.

One very interesting case occurred in Paraguay as recently as 1975. A group of locals, perhaps native Indians, shot a large "mutant jaguar", which was examined by a zoologist named Juan Acavar. Acavar, after examining the body, determined that the animal was a living specimen of Smilodon fatalis. He determined its teeth as being twelve inches long, and it's weight as being one-hundred ans sixty pounds.

To avoid causing paranoia and mass hysteria, Acavar stuck with the mutant jaguar identification.

Recently, there has been speculation that the animal may have instead been Thylacosmilus, a marsupial analogue to Smilodon. However, this animal (supposedly) went extinct in the Early Pliocene, and had highly distinctive flanges on its lower jaw, something which Acavar presumably would have commented upon.

The cadaver, unfortunately, was apparently not preserved, as nothing of it or Acavar has been heard since the shooting. It is entirely possible that the animal was, in fact, a mutant jaguar - though it seems Acavar, an experienced zoologist, would have been able to work this out should it have been the case.

Read more about sabre-toothed cats in the Amazon.

Notes and references

• Shuker, Karl (1989) Mystery Cats of the World. ISBN 978-0709037064

Review: Beast Man: Nightmare of the Amazon

Pat with a well-known Mapinguary model in the city.
Image credit National Geographic.

Beast Hunter (titled Beast Man in the UK), although a short series - consisting of only five episodes - might just be the best cryptozoological TV series since MonsterQuest - in fact, it probably beats MonsterQuest.

The series follows biologist Pat Spain, great-nephew of Charles Fort, as he travels to five different locations around the world, searching for the local cryptid. Fort was an American scientist who researched phenomena such as ball lightning and raining fish, which were dismissed in his time but are now known to be fact.